| In this class of perception words, a Phenomenon, typically expressed as External Argument, and its perceptual characteristics are given some description. This may be a Characterization describing purely perceptual properties, an Appraisal (i.e. positive or negative judgment) or an Inference about some non-perceptual property based on the Perceiver_passive's perception. |
| Appraisal [Appr] | Appraisal is the positive or negative judgement given to the Phenomenon. | |
| Kim's hair FEELS nice. | ||
| That trumpet SOUNDS dreadful. | ||
| Characterization [Char] | Characterization is the subjective description (of the Perceiver_passive ) of the Phenomenon. | |
| Kim's new furniture LOOKS sort of bluish. | ||
| The violins SOUNDED as if they were in pain. | ||
| The city SMELLED like rotting sewage. | ||
| Inference [Infer] | Inference expresses some property of the Phenomenon that is not a direct feature of the particular sensory modality (if any), but rather is based on perception within that modality. | |
| Pat SOUNDS devestated by the bad news. | ||
| Inference may superficially look like Appraisal, as in: | ||
| That idea SOUNDS dreadful. | ||
| However, it is not the perception of the "sound" of the idea that is "dreadful", it is the idea itself that is inferred to be dreadful based on what was heard. | ||
| It LOOKS like Johanna is going to the ball without me. | ||
| Note the dummy-it as subject in this sense of "look" and that "appears that" could replace "looks like". Here, it is _inferrable_ that Johanna will go to the ball without the speaker. | ||
| Phenomenon [Phen] | The Phenomenon is typically the External Argument of the verbs in this frame. | |
| The soup TASTED very salty. | ||
Non-Core: | ||
| Body_part [BodP] Semantic Type Body_part | Body_part expressions are not common in this frame, but may occur with the verb "feel" (the only verb in this frame that does not lexically encode the Body_part involved in perception) or occasionally (and redundantly) with other verbs. | |
| The fabric FELT soft on my skin. | ||
| The music SOUNDED beautiful to my ears. | ||
| Circumstances [cir] | The physical or abstract Circumstances that determine the appearance of the Phenomenon. | |
| The people I work with SEEM to either hate their jobs, or like them, depending on my mood. | ||
| Degree [] Semantic Type Degree | The extent to which a Phenomenon gives the impression that a certain Characterization or Inference holds. | |
| John LOOKS like his father a bit. | ||
| Ground [Ground] | Ground is the perceptual background against which the Phenomenon is experienced (or not experienced) by the Perceiver_passive. | |
| The painting LOOKS great against the new wallpaper. | ||
| Location_of_perceiver [Loc-Perc] | Location_of_perceiver identifies the position of the Perceiver_passive during the act of perception. Typically it is expressed in a PP-from. | |
| The house LOOKS deceptively small from the outside. | ||
| Path [Path] | This frame element, usually expressed in a PP, is used for all path-like expressions, except those indicating the Location_of_perceiver (see above), that describe how the Perceiver_passive's attention is directed during the act of perception. | |
| His voice SOUNDED muffled through the wall. | ||
| Perceiver_passive [Perc-Pass] Semantic Type Sentient | The Perceiver_passive experiences some perception without necessarily intending to, but makes a judgment about the Phenomenon. The Perceiver_passive generally occurs in a PP Complement. | |
| The milk SMELLS bad to me. | ||
| State [State] | This FE identifies expressions that predicate something of the Phenomenon, providing some information about its State while the Perceiver_passive experiences it. | |
| Pat LOOKS great dressed in red. | ||
| The meat TASTES delicious seasoned with garlic. | ||
Inherits From: Perception
Is Inherited By:
Subframe of:
Has Subframes:
Precedes:
Is Preceded by:
Uses:
Is Used By:
Perspective on:
Is perspectivized in:
Is Causative of:
See Also:
apestar.v, oler.v, parecer.v, parecerse.v, saber.v, sonar.v
Created by wooters on Wed Feb 07 16:12:20 CET 2001